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Sapna Shrivastava ¹, P. B. Reddy ², Sudha Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Sarojini Naidu Govt. Girls P. G. College, Shivaji Nagar, Bhopal-462 016, M. P., IN
2 Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College, Nagda-456 335, M. P., IN

Abstract

Carbaryl, a carbamate insecticide has been one of the most commonly and extensively used insecticide in recent years. It is moderately toxic to the aquatic animals. In this study experiments have been performed to see the toxicity of carbaryl at a sub-lethal concentration of 0.04 ppm on blood protein and glucose level of fish. Protein and glucose content in the blood of Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to sub-lethal concentration of carbaryl (0.04 ppm) for 7, 15 and 30 days, and blood protein was studied. A gradual decrease in protein and glucose content was observed during the experimental period.

Keywords

Carbaryl, Heteropneusteus fossilis, Blood Protein and Glucose.

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P. B. Reddy ¹, B. S. Baghel ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Government College, Nagda-456 331, M. P., IN
2 Department of Zoology, Government P. G. College, Khachrod, M. P., IN

Abstract

The impact of effluent from chemical and textile industries on the physicochemical characteristics of Chambal river was carried out for period of one year. Water samples were collected quarterly covering all the three seasons. Five sampling stations were chosen along the river, corresponding to the locations with notable industrial discharges into the river. The effluents discharged into stations 2, 3 and 4 led to slight increase in pH, BOD and COD values. t-test results revealed that turbidity, TDS, TSS, electrical conductivity, DO, chloride, sulphate and hardness were significantly different among various stations sampled. The upstream (station 1) and downstream (station 5) reference sites recorded lower values of these parameters. Season did not affect much of these parameters except for chloride, sulphate and TDS, which were significantly different among the various sampling periods. The study underscores the need for immediate remediation programmers to control the poor water status of the sections of the river studied.

Keywords

Industrial Wastewaters, Physicochemical, Characteristics, Chambal River.

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P. B. Reddy ¹, B. S. Baghel ¹, Sapna Srivastava ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Government P. G. College, Nagda-456 335, Madhya Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The present study is aimed to evaluate possible reasons by which cadmium toxicity causes damage to the liver of a freshwater catfish Mystus tengara (Ham.). After 30 days of exposure fish were processed for biochemical studies. Experiments were performed on estimation of total protein, DNA, RNA and enzymes like alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP). Results clearly indicate that total protein, DNA and RNA contents were higher in control group than experimental groups (P>0.001 control vs. group III) and declined minimum in the fish treated with cadmium. However, both ALP and ACP activity were maximum in treated groups. The decrease in the total protein content in experimental fish is due to decrease in DNA and RNA contents. However, it is interesting to see that in both experimental groups, both ALP and ACP activity was elevated. It may be due to as both are phosphatases and known to remove the phosphate group (dephosphorylation) at 5' end of DNA and thus preventing DNA from ligating. That is why that DNA content was found to be minimum in Cd groups where both enzymes were elevated. Therefore, low RNA and protein content were observed in experimental fish.

Keywords

Cadmium Toxicity, Mystus tengara (Ham.), Acid Phosphatase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Dephosphorylation.

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